Working principle

A vacuum pump is a device used to expel gas molecules from an enclosed space, thereby creating a vacuum environment. Its working principle is mainly based on different physical mechanisms.

1, volume change principle

Common rotary vane vacuum pumps work on the principle of volume change. It divides the pump chamber into several parts by rotating blades, and with the rotation of the blades, the gas is constantly sucked, compressed and discharged. It's like a constantly circulating "breathing" process that gradually lowers the air pressure in the enclosed space.

2. Principle of momentum transfer

For example, molecular pumps use high-speed rotating blades or rotors to accelerate gas molecules and expel them in a specific direction through momentum transfer. Molecular pumps can work under extremely high vacuum and are important equipment in the field of high vacuum and ultra-high vacuum.

Main type

1, mechanical vacuum pump

Including rotary vane pump, Roots pump, etc. Rotary vane pump has simple structure and high reliability, and is widely used in various laboratory and industrial fields. Roots pump has a larger pumping rate and is often used in combination with other vacuum pumps to improve the overall pumping performance.

2, steam jet pump

A high-speed stream of steam is used to carry the gas away, forming a vacuum. It has the advantages of no moving parts and high reliability, but requires a steam source and relatively high energy consumption.

3, diffusion pump

By heating a medium such as oil or mercury, it evaporates to form a vapor stream that diffuses the gas molecules out. The diffusion pump performs well in the field of medium and high vacuum, but the start-up time is long and the preceding pump is required to work together.

Application field

1. Semiconductor manufacturing

In the production process of semiconductor chips, an extremely high vacuum environment is required to ensure the quality and performance of the chip. The vacuum pump is used to remove gas impurities during wafer processing to ensure the stability and reliability of the process.

2, optical coating

Optical coating needs to be carried out in a high vacuum environment to ensure the uniformity and quality of the coating. The vacuum pump provides the necessary vacuum conditions for the coating of optical components.

3. Scientific research experiments

In physics, chemistry, biology and other scientific research fields, many experiments need to be carried out in a vacuum environment. Vacuum pumps have created ideal experimental conditions for researchers to help them explore various scientific phenomena.

4. Food packaging

Vacuum packaging can extend the shelf life of food and prevent food oxidation and deterioration. Vacuum pumps play a key role in the food packaging industry.

The future development trend of vacuum pump technology

1, higher vacuum degree

With the continuous progress of science and technology, the demand for higher vacuum is also increasing. Future vacuum pump technology will continue to challenge the limits to achieve higher vacuum levels.

2. Intelligence and automation

With the advancement of Industry 4.0, vacuum pumps will become more and more intelligent and automated. Through the sensor and control system, remote monitoring, fault diagnosis and automatic adjustment can be achieved to improve the reliability and operation efficiency of the equipment.

3. Energy saving and environmental protection

In the context of energy shortage and increasing environmental pressure, the future vacuum pump technology will pay more attention to energy conservation and environmental protection. Research and development of low energy consumption, high efficiency vacuum pumps, as well as the use of renewable energy driven vacuum pumps will become the direction of development.

In short, vacuum pump technology, as an important part of modern science and technology, plays an irreplaceable role in various fields. With the continuous progress of technology, we have reason to believe that vacuum pump technology will continue to make greater contributions to the development of human science and technology and the improvement of quality of life in the future.

Let's look forward to more wonderful performance of vacuum pump technology!